علیرضا افراسیابی

Abstract

Throughout history, one of the main concerns of mankind has been the issue of poverty. Maybe this is the reason why some have attributed justice to poverty and equality. When the unequal distribution of wealth showed itself in the form of poverty, there were trends that sought equality or justice, affected by the poverty of the society. Of course, justice cannot be reduced to equality or poverty alleviation, but anyway, both theoretically and historically, justice has an important relationship with equality and poverty. On the other hand, the poverty alleviation plan is susceptible to theoretical and value differences because any poverty alleviation plan can affect the distribution of primary and non-primary benefits, especially freedom. For this reason, in this research, an attempt has been made to adequately address the issue of justice. Over time, the concept of poverty became important and poverty alleviation became one of the important concerns of intellectuals and elites. But poverty is a very complex and multidimensional concept. Firstly, the definition of poverty has its own challenges, secondly, poverty is affected by the country's institutional situation, natural resources, political risks and countless other variables. Therefore, poverty alleviation is associated with many challenges.

Since any poverty alleviation plan can also limit, increase or even be neutral towards economic growth, in this research we have tried to pay attention to economic growth as well. Therefore, in choosing between poverty alleviation plans, we should first check which plan is closer to our definition of justice and brings us closer to justice. And what effect do each of these plans have on economic growth? In this research, we first define the universal basic income plan, the negative income tax plan, the citizenship dividend plan, and the subsidy targeting plan, and examine the strengths and weaknesses of each plan. Then we qualitatively compare each of the selected plans with the UBI plan. Of course, all plans can be compared two by two, but in this article, we will limit ourselves to the comparison of each plan with the UBI plan. In comparing the plans, it is checked which of these poverty alleviation plans is closer to our definition of justice and has a more favorable effect on economic growth. The results of this research can comprehensively and in detail help policy makers and decision makers to be more informed about choosing the best solution to reduce poverty, facilitate economic growth and promote social justice. In addition, the present research can provide useful information to individuals and the general society about the advantages and disadvantages of UBI and poverty alleviation plans and help them in the process of forming opinions and choosing appropriate policies in the field of income distribution and poverty reduction.

Key words: universal basic income, justice, economic growth, poverty alleviation