پوریا جعفری

The primary objective of this study was to identify and propose practical strategies for the effective utilization of natural spaces in the city of Hamadan to enhance public participation in recreational and sports activities. The research adopted a mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) approach with an applied orientation, utilizing the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology. The study population comprised sports management experts, urban managers, and academic faculty members in Hamadan. A purposive sampling method was employed to select ۱۴ participants, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The validity of the data was ensured through triangulation and member-checking techniques.

The findings revealed ۱۸ key components influencing the effective utilization of natural spaces, including strategic planning, inter-organizational collaboration, provision of facilities, safety and security, public accessibility, innovation in activities, event organization, information dissemination, digital marketing, cultural promotion, motivation enhancement, applied research, technological development, educational programs, financial support, media advertising, content production, and fostering public participation. These components were structured into four hierarchical levels: the foundational (fourth) level emphasized strategic planning; the third level included mediating factors such as applied research and financial support; the second level encompassed operational factors like media advertising and content production; and the first level comprised outcome-oriented factors such as enhanced public participation. The analysis highlighted driving factors, such as strategic planning, and dependent factors, such as safety.

The study concludes by proposing practical strategies, including the development of a five-year strategic plan by the municipality and sports organization, the establishment of a joint inter-organizational council, the development of guide applications, improvements in safety infrastructure in areas such as Mount Alvand and Mellat Park, the organization of inclusive sports events, digital marketing campaigns, and educational programs for cultural promotion. The integrated implementation of these strategies can enhance public participation, improve citizens’ physical and mental well-being, and contribute to sustainable urban development in Hamadan.