زینب صبوری نژاد

  Considering the decrease in fertility and the change in childbearing patterns in recent years and the resulting demographic, economic and social consequences in Iran, efforts have been made in the policy system to support working women and support the family, which can increase the length of life He considered maternity leave as one of these cases. In this study and research, with the aim of understanding the lived experience of working mothers returning to work after maternity leave, an attempt was made to examine the legal challenges from the point of view of working mothers who are the target group. In order to understand the effects of such policies in reducing Job inequalities in the private and public sectors, improving the health of family members, developing the economic well-being of the family, the continuation of women's participation in the labor market, the satisfaction of working mothers and the reduction of work-maternity-family conflict. The approach of this research is qualitative. The subjects of the study include ۲۰ working mothers who returned to work after maternity leave and live in different cities of Iran. The type of contract was determined. This research was conducted in the conditions of the Corona epidemic, so the situation affected both the duration of the implementation and the type of data collection. Therefore, some of the interviews were conducted face-to-face and some were conducted by telephone. The data analysis method is thematic. From the process of data analysis, two main axes including "women's pregnancy experience" with themes such as continued cooperation during pregnancy, disruption of women's bio-body during pregnancy and different benefits from insurance facilities and the second axis "challenges of working women after leave" Birth" with themes including; Role overflow in the light of staying or leaving, worrying about taking care of the child, constructive interaction in the work environment, remaining in financial support, changing the job position, accompanying the spouse in household affairs can be mentioned, which shows women's understanding of maternity leave to revive and strengthen. The institution of the family is the insecurity and degradation of the job position and the contradictory nature of the implementation of the maternity leave policy Based on the lived experience of the mothers in this research, on the one hand, the maternity leave policy has caused fear and uncertainty and job security due to the contradiction in its implementation, and on the other hand, it has caused the satisfaction of mothers to restore health and provide peace and well-being of the child and mother. has provided Factors such as economic conditions, family, mother's awareness of the insurance process, employment and family, physical conditions of mother and child and how to understand and face these issues can be mentioned to create different conditions for women. However, due to Ambiguity in the laws and the lack of executive guarantee in these laws and leaving the implementation of the laws to the organizations and job centers, we are witnessing the lack of desired implementation of various support policies for working mothers. As a result, the maternity leave policy is based on the needs of working mothers and children and the existing economic situation. And employers need to review, redesign and monitor again. key words: Maternity leave, social security law, women's maternity rights, employment