زهرا عبدالهی

  This study was conducted with the aim of investigating online violence against women journalists on Persian Twitter. The research method is qualitative with an exploratory nature and also with an applied purpose, during which theme analysis or thematic analysis has been used. The statistical population of this research includes women journalists active in virtual social networks, especially Twitter, who have experienced violence or forms of virtual harassment at different times. Based on the targeted sampling approach, ۱۵ women journalists active in the Persian Twitter social network were investigated and the criterion for the end of the sampling was the theoretical saturation of the categories resulting from the coding. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview and the data were coded and evaluated using MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software. The results of the research showed that the investigated women journalists are exposed to medium to high levels and in severe cases of online violence, which is highly continuous and continuous and is mainly carried out by unknown people with hidden identities. Violence against women journalists has been going on in two dimensions, individual-oriented and family-oriented, including various forms of psychological, physical, sexual, verbal violence, and verbal violence aimed at sexual issues, and it also takes place in two forms, symbolic and soft. The most important forms of threats against women journalists include sexual, organizational, physical, family and security threats, and the occurrence of numerous violence and harassment against women journalists in both direct (telephone threats, reporting crimes against them and filing complaints) and indirect (comments) forms. Placing, blacking out and yellowing the media, etc.) is done. In some cases, online violence is a purely virtual threat, and in some cases, it has become an objective reality that disturbs the private life of a person and his family. Online violence against women is mainly professional-oriented and in some cases individual-oriented, the ratios given to them are mainly sexual and governmental, slander and slander against women journalists are manifested in social-relational, organizational, political, economic and cultural forms, mainly women are involved in sexual violence. And men are involved in relationships related to financial violence, the most important agents of expressing violence against them include public agents, agents attributed to the government and government, governmental and governmental agents, shadow agents and media colleagues. Also, the reactions of women journalists investigated against the mentioned violence are in a range from soft, moderate and hard reactions to negative and reverse reactions, which in turn leads to double neglect, escalation of tension and violence and remorse in words from the perpetrators.